1700-tal: Nordic Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700 <p>Nordic Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies</p> Septentrio Academic Publishing en-US 1700-tal: Nordic Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies 1652-4772 <p>Since 2013, <em>1700-tal</em> publishes all content online, currently with a one-year delay after the printed version is distributed.<br /><br />Copyright on any content in <em>1700-tal</em> is retained by the author(s).<br /><br />Authors grant <em>1700-tal</em> a license to publish their contributions in print and online or any other medium and to identify itself as the original publisher.<br /><br />Authors give <em>1700-tal</em> the right to distribute their contributions freely under a Creative Commons Attribution License. This implies that any third party has the right to use the contribution freely, provided that its original author(s), citation details and publisher are identified.<br /><br />For more information on the Creative Commons Attribution License see <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</a>.<br /><br />Authors have the right to self-archive their contribution in its final form (publisher’s PDF) as soon as the printed version has been distributed.</p> [Title page, Colophon, Table of Contents] https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6885 Johannes Ljungberg Copyright (c) 2022 Johannes Ljungberg https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 [1] 4 Redaktionens förord https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6613 Johannes Ljungberg Copyright (c) 2022 Johannes Ljungberg https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 5 7 10.7557/4.6613 Läskultur, materialitet & sociala praktiker https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6884 My Hellsing Johanna Vernqvist Copyright (c) 2022 My Hellsing, Johanna Vernqvist https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 194 195 'Ihre defension zu führen' https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6545 <p>This article discusses two lesser known proponents of animal rights in early eighteenth-century Northern Europe. In Sweden, Johan Upmarck argued for an “analogy” of rights of animals in 1714. German scholar Immanuel Proeleus proposed a set of animal rights and human duties towards animals in 1709.</p> <p>Both authors place restrictions on these rights. In the case of Upmarck, the rights are described through the notion of an “analogy”. The rights of animals are only rights in an improper sense, and not comparable to the rights humans have. In the case of Proeleus, animal rights are placed on a foundational level, as a category of rights that are common to both men and other animals. This gives them a stronger position than is the case in Upmarck’s argument, but animal rights are in the final analysis nonetheless relegated to a subordinate status. However, Proeleus goes much further in detailing the exact nature of the rights of animals and the duties of humans to care for and protect them, although Upmarck also delineates what constitutes “illicit cruelty” towards animals and discusses their experience of suffering.</p> Andreas Hellerstedt Copyright (c) 2022 Andreas Hellerstedt https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 8 25 10.7557/4.6545 Viska om mitt qval https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6609 <p>Gustav Philip Creutz and Gustaf Fredrik Gyllenborg, both born in 1731, were two major authors who developed pastoral and epic poetry in Swedish and who were also known for their literary friendship. In Swedish and Finnish national literature, they are known as representatives of a supposedly light, rococo style that fell out of fashion in the nineteenth century. By proposing a queer reading of their poetry, this article takes a new approach to their works, arguing that these can be used as valuable sources for the history of gender, genderqueer and feelings of love and friendship. While previous studies have generally analysed Creutz’s and Gyllenborg’s works separately, they are here seen as a mutual venture in the context of a shifting, gendered public space, however within a strongly classical framework, which allowed the authors to play at several intertextual levels to appeal to the sensitivities of different readers.</p> Charlotta Wolff Copyright (c) 2022 Charlotta Wolff https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 26 49 10.7557/4.6609 De svenska biblarna som aldrig blev av https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6610 <p>It has often been assumed that the late eighteenth century in Sweden never produced much of interest on the exegetical or theological plane. This was the period in which the Bible, a hotly debated text in Enlightenment Europe, was famously never translated in any accepted version and the philological, academic and theological work that was done during the Gustavian era has been underappreciated in later historiography. Picking up on the notion of a ‘religious Enlightenment,’ this article analyzes three biblical translation projects, the official Bible commission of 1773, the private translations of Bishop Johan Adam Tingstadius and the private Jewish translation of Genesis 49 by David Josephsson and Marcus Maure. Through a comparison of the translation work of Genesis 49 in these three projects this article argues for the usefulness of Bible reception in understanding the late eighteenth-century world. Philology, new historical knowledge and altered epistemic perspectives meant that the Bible, as the most central of classical and religious texts, could no longer be translated in the old 1541 tradition and that any translation of it would show the perspectives and ideologies of the translators and their intended audience, Jewish or Christian.</p> Sebastian Selvén Copyright (c) 2022 Sebastian Selvén https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 50 71 10.7557/4.6610 Facing natural extremes https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6611 <p>As a consequence of a large-scale volcanic outburst, the Laki eruption in 1783–1784, the focus of the world turned suddenly towards Iceland, a province of the Danish crown. The dynamic volcano in Iceland had far-reaching consequences for the outside world as the pollution was carried further by the wind, causing dramatic changes in weather conditions. The temperature in Europe fell by 1.5 °C over a two-year period. Icelanders endured extreme hardship as sulphuric haze swept the country during the summer of 1783 and temperature dropped dramatically for a time. The period which followed is termed ‘The Famine of the Mist’ in Icelandic history due to the thick fog caused by the eruption and the extreme cold weather. This article will discuss the experience the people of Iceland underwent at the time. Correspondence, which is the main source of the article, gives an intimate glimpse of people’s lives during this critical period caused by the Laki eruption. The letters reveal that, albeit exhausted and traumatized, people were striving to remain optimistic. The eyes of Europe and the enlightened world of scientists were cast on Iceland during these dramatic times. Icelandic contacts with the outside world, despite Iceland being located far away in the North Atlantic, were various and flowed in more than one direction. The administration of Iceland was centred in Copenhagen where a plan for free trade was already in preparation at the outbreak of the eruption.</p> Margrét Gunnarsdóttir Copyright (c) 2022 Margrét Gunnarsdóttir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 72 93 10.7557/4.6611 När pandemin mötte 1700-talsforskningen https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6614 Johannes Ljungberg Sophie Holm Simona Zetterberg-Nielsen Copyright (c) 2022 Johannes Ljungberg, Sophie Holm, Simona Zetterberg-Nielsen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 117 118 10.7557/4.6614 Refleksjoner fra en medisinhistoriker i en pandemi https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6606 Susann Holmberg Copyright (c) 2022 Susann Holmberg https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 119 122 10.7557/4.6606 Considering pandemics, history, and ethics https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6607 Elina Maaniitty Copyright (c) 2022 Elina Maanitty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 123 130 10.7557/4.6607 The history of disease control https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6608 Erla Dóris Halldórsdóttir Copyright (c) 2022 Erla Dóris Halldórsdóttir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 131 137 10.7557/4.6608 Cool Nature https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6575 <p>In this essay, an interdisciplinary group of researchers sets out to address the period 1780–1840 in Sweden in a new way, by placing nature at its centre. With the help of ecocritical and transcultural theory, combined with renewed attention to the Swedish fine arts, learned discourses, and practices, we suggest a new approach to these revolutionary decades. The perceived dissonance, the interplay between climatic conditions and cultural template in early modern and modern Sweden, has not been fully addressed in current research, despite the fact that the relationship between humankind and the environment is a central issue in contemporary society and scholarship. Representations of nature situate the nation, they negotiate the relationship between a sensed reality and an ideal, between human and more-than-human beings. We suggest a focus on the unpredictable space created by negotiations of nature in Swedish representations during this crucial period, and, furthermore, on the ways in which this creative space is charged with utopian possibilities in the early Anthropocene. This is the background and the driving force of the planned research project ‘Cool Nature: Utopian Landscapes in Sweden 1780–1840’.</p> Anna Albrektson Mikael Ahlund Sara Ekström Johanna Ethnersson Pontara Elisabeth Mansén Vera Sundin Meike Wagner Erik Wallrup Copyright (c) 2022 Anna Albrektson, Mikael Ahlund, Sara Ekström, Johanna Ethnersson Pontara, Elisabeth Mansén, Vera Sundin, Meike Wagner, Erik Wallrup https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 94 116 10.7557/4.6575 Arne Jönsson, Valborg Lindgärde, Daniel Möller & Arsenii Vetuschko-Kalevich (red.), Att dikta för livet, döden och evigheten. Tillfällesdiktning under tidigmodern tid. (Göteborg: Makadam förlag, 2020). 830 s. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6594 Jørgen Magnus Sejersted Copyright (c) 2022 Jørgen Magnus Sejersted https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 146 153 10.7557/4.6594 Kristjana Vigdís Ingvadóttir, Þrautseigja og mikilvægi íslenskrar tungu [Perseverance and Importance of the Icelandic Language] (Reykjavík: Sögufélag, 2021). 320 pp. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6595 Halldóra Kristinsdóttir Copyright (c) 2022 Halldóra Kristinsdóttir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 154 157 10.7557/4.6595 Seppo Aalto, Sofia Gustafsson & Juha-Matti Granqvist, Linnoituskaupunki: Helsinki ja Viapori 1721–1808 [Fästningsstaden: Helsingfors och Sveaborg 1721–1808] (Helsinki: Miverva kustannus Oy, 2020). 640 pp. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6596 Ulla Ijäs Copyright (c) 2022 Ulla Ijäs https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 158 160 10.7557/4.6596 Petri Talvitie & Juha-Matti Granqvist (red.), Civilians and Military Supply in Early Modern Finland (Helsinki: Helsinki University Press, 2021). 305 s. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6597 Patrik Winton Copyright (c) 2022 Patrik Winton https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 161 164 10.7557/4.6597 Peter Henningsen, Stavnsbåndet, serien 100 Danmarkshistorier (Aarhus: Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2020). 100 pp. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6598 Eva Krause Jørgensen Copyright (c) 2022 Eva Krause Jørgensen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 165 167 10.7557/4.6598 Mikael Alm, Sartorial Practices and Social Order in Eighteenth-Century Sweden: Fashioning Difference (New York & London: Routledge, 2022). 176 pp. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6599 Pernilla Rasmussen Copyright (c) 2022 Pernilla Rasmussen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 168 172 10.7557/4.6599 Lars Edgren, Stadens sociala ordning: Stånd och klass i Malmö under sjuttonhundratalet (Lund: Studia historica Lundensia 34, 2021). 216 s. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6600 Tobias Osvald Copyright (c) 2022 Tobias Osvald https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 173 176 10.7557/4.6600 Anita Wiklund Norli & Anne Svånaug Blengsdalen (red.),Greven og hans undersåtter. Makt og avmakt gjennom 150 år (Novus forlag: Oslo, 2021). 313 s. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6601 Harald Gustafsson Copyright (c) 2022 Harald Gustafsson https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 177 179 10.7557/4.6601 Hans Ellegren, Hvad nytt och nyttigt: Tillkomsten av landets första lärda sällskap: Kungl. Vetenskaps-Societeten i Uppsala & En akademi finner sin väg (Uppsala: Kungl. Vetenskaps-Societeten, 2019 & 2020). 306 + 337 s. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6602 Per Pippin Aspaas Copyright (c) 2022 Per Pippin Aspaas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 180 182 10.7557/4.6602 Lise Groesmeyer, Niklas Thode Jensen & P. S. Ramanujam (red.), Videnskab, oplysning og historie i Dansk Ostindien. Udvalgte skrifter af Henning Munch Engelhart (1757–1791) (København: Selskabet til Udgivelse af Kilder til Dansk Historie, 2020). 507 s. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6603 Finn-Einar Eliassen Copyright (c) 2022 Finn-Einar Eliassen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 183 185 10.7557/4.6603 Carla Killander Cariboni, Catharina Raudvere, Vassilis Sabatakakis & Johan Stenström, Björnståhls resa: Europa och Konstantinopel 1767–1779 (Göteborg: Makadam förlag, 2021). 543 s. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6604 Carina Lidström Copyright (c) 2022 Carina Lidström https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 186 190 10.7557/4.6604 Wolfgang Schmale, Gesellschaftliche Orientierung: Geschichte der “Aufklärung” in der globalen Neuzeit (19. bis 21. Jahrhundert) (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2021). 379 pp. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6605 Laura Tarkka Copyright (c) 2022 Laura Tarkka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 191 193 10.7557/4.6605 Saara-Maija Kontturi, Lääkärikunnan synty. Suomen lääkärit n. 1750–1850 [The birth of the medical profession. Finnish doctors, c. 1750–1850] (University of Jyväskylä, 2021). 239 pp. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6592 Heini Hakosalo Copyright (c) 2022 Heini Hakosalo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 138 140 10.7557/4.6592 Tobias Osvald, Stadens gränsplatser: Kungliga Poliskammaren och vardagens omstridda rum i Stockholm, 1776–1835 (Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2022). 336 s. https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/1700/article/view/6593 Maja Bondestam Copyright (c) 2022 Maja Bondestam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 19 141 145 10.7557/4.6593