Los demostrativos peyorativos: entre la semántica y la pragmática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7557/1.15.1.8611Keywords:
proximal demonstratives, affective demonstratives, social meaning, enriched meaning, Uruguayan SpanishAbstract
En este breve trabajo, hacemos una primera aproximación a los demostrativos afectivos (Lakoff 1974) en el español de Uruguay. Proponemos, primero, a partir del análisis de datos de esta variedad (como ese facho sorete), una entrada léxica para los demostrativos proximales del español (ese y este) en la que estos denotan una función de identidad entre una entidad y otra entidad. Además, se incluyen dos presuposiciones, una de no-unicidad y una de proximidad. Proponemos, segundo, un análisis pragmático de la interpretación afectiva de estos demostrativos. La interpretación peyorativa surge a partir de la violación de dos máximas conversacionales, la de calidad y la de minimización. Proponemos, finalmente, que en la elección de este o ese existe un significado social que permite identificar el grupo al que pertenece el hablante. A modo de conclusión, es posible afirmar que para entender cómo funcionan los demostrativos afectivos es necesario dar una explicación semántico-pragmática.
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