Samisk idéhistoria omkring år 1700:Fragment av en oskriven undersökning

Håkan Rydving

doi:10.7557/13.8376

Authors

Håkan Rydving University of Bergen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8183-0609

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7557/13.8376

Keywords:

early Sami ideas about the world and the human being, fragmentary sources, Nicolaus Lundius, Njaarke (Namdalen), ‘philosophy from below’

Abstract

Most of the earliest sources to Sami thinking are secondary. The information is above all found in reports from court proceedings and in texts by missionaries. Despite the problems related to source criticism, these sources give interesting examples on two levels, both about how different noaiddit, ritual specialists and cultural guides, formulated their ideas about the human being, the world, and the colonial situation, and, from some areas, in addition examples of thinking of other Sami, both men and women. The article gives a short overview of the source material and then takes up two examples, (1) what we can know about Sami thinking about the human being, nature, and the world in the Lule and Ume Sami areas during the 1670s thanks to the texts by one of the few Sami of that time who wrote down Sami ideas about such themes, Ánndarisa Nijlas (Nicolaus Lundius), and (2) the fragments of a ‘Philosophy from Below’ that were collected in Njaarke (Namdalen) in the South Sami area during the 1720s.

References

[Anonym] [1720-t.]. 1767. "Relation om Lappernes afguder." I: Beskrivelse over Finmarkens Lapper, deres Tungemaal, Levemaade og forrige Afgudsdyrkelse, […], av Knud Leem, 409-419. Kiøbenhavn: G. G. Salikath.

Bardwell-Jones, Celia T. & McLaren, Margaret A. 2020. "Introduction to Indigenizing and decolonizing feminist philosophy." Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy 35 (2020), 2-17. https://doi.org/10.1017/hyp.2019.19.

Brunnsåker, Sture. 1976. "Classical archaeology and Ancient history." I: Faculty of Arts at Uppsala University: History, Art and Philosophy, ed. by Carl Göran Andræ, 19-33. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International.

Bäckman, Louise. 2005. "The noaidi and his worldview: a study of Saami shamanism from an historical point of view." Shaman 13(1-2) (2005), 29-40.

Granqvist, Karin. 2004. Samerna, staten och rätten i Torne lappmark under 1600-talet: makt, diskurs och representation. Umeå: Umeå universitet, 2004.

Gyllenkrok, Axel & Anders Jeffner. 1976. "Theological and ideological studies." I Faculty of Theology at Uppsala University, ed. by Helmer Ringgren, 119-129. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International.

Hammond, Hans. 1787. Den Nordiske Missions-Historie i Nordlandene, Finmarken og Trundhiems Amt til Lappers og Finners Omvendelse, […]. Kiøbenhavn: Gyldendals Forlag.

Johnsen, Tore. 2022. Sámi Nature-Centered Christianity in the European Arctic: Indigenous Theology beyond Hierarchical Worldmaking. Lanham: Lexington Books. https://doi.org/10.5771/9781793652942

Klein, Andreas. 2023. Early Modern Knowledge about the Sámi: A History of Johannes Schefferus' Lapponia (1673). Hannover: Wehrhahn Verlag.

León-Portilla, Miguel. 2017 (1956). La filosofía náhuatl estudiada en sus fuentes. Ciudad de México: UNAM, Instituto de investigaciones históricas.

Lindmark, Daniel. 2010. "När samerna ville använda trumman som kompass: om samiskt motstånd mot kolonisationen." Saga och sed, 2010, 95-104.

Lundius, Nicolaus. 1905. "Descriptio Lapponiæ" [ca. 1675]. Bidrag till kännedom om de svenska landsmålen ock svenskt folkliv 17(5) (1905), 5-41.

Manker, Ernst. 1950. Die lappische Zaubertrommel: eine ethnologische Monographie. 2. Die Trommel als Urkunde geistigen Lebens. Stockholm: Thule, 1950.

Nordlander, Johan. 1938. Johan Graan: landshövding i Västerbotten 1653-1679. Stockholm: Thule.

Oskal, Nils. 1995. Det rette, det gode og reinlykken. Tromsø: Universitetet i Tromsø, Institutt for samfunnsvitenskap, Filosofiseksjonen, 1995.

Rydving, Håkan. 2021 "Klassiske jødiske og islamske filosofier." I Verdensfilosofier: førmoderne filosofi i India, Kina og Midtøsten, av Knut A. Jacobsen, Roald E. Kristiansen & Håkan Rydving, 169-229. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.

Rydving, Håkan. 1995. Samisk religionshistoria: några källkritiska problem. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International.

Rydving, Håkan. 2002. "Synliga och osynliga landskap: några samiska exempel." I Ting og tekst, red. av Else Mundal & Anne Ågotnes, 65-77. Bergen: Bryggen museum.

Schefferus, Johannes. 1673. Lapponia […]. Frankfurt: Christian Wolf.

[Schefferus, Johannes & Nicolaus Lundius]. 1678. "Additions." I Histoire de la Lapponie […], de Jean Scheffer, 358-408. Paris: La veuve Olivier de Varennes.

Skanke, Hans. 1943a. "Epitomes historiæ missionis lapponicæ. Pars prima anlangende de nordske Lappers hedendom og superstitioner." [1728-31]. I Nordlands og Troms finner i eldre håndskrifter, red. ved Ole Solberg, 179-224. Oslo: Etnografisk museum.

Skanke, Hans. 1943b. "Thomas v. Westens undersøkelser til runebommens forklaring." [1728-31]. I Nordlands og Troms finner i eldre håndskrifter, red. ved Ole Solberg, 225-244. Oslo: Etnografisk museum.

Wilkinson, Eric. 2023. "Recovering classical Indigenous philosophy. Dialogue 62 (2023), 503-512. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012217323000148.