Davvisámegiela máŋggaidlogu illatiivva variašuvdna Ohcejoga guovllus

Abstract

Dán čállosa fáddán lea máŋggaidlogu illatiivva variašuvdna ja nuppástuvvan Ohcejoga guovllu hállojuvvon davvisámegielas. 1900-logus leat dáhpáhuvvan stuorra servodatlaš nuppástusat ja dáinna dutkamiin čielggadan mo dat leat váikkuhan sámegillii. Dálá giellaoahpaid kásussojaheamis lea máŋggaidlogu illatiivvas eanet go dušše okta sojahangeažus. Bárahisstávval nomeniid sojahangeažus lea -idda ja eará máttajoavkkuin lea -ide. Kásussojaheami variašuvdna gullo maiddái hállojuvvon gielas ja eandaliige bárrastávvalja kontrakšuvdnanomeniid illatiivasojahusas lea girjáivuohta.

Lean čohkken dutkanmateriála Sámi kulturarkiivva čoakkáldagain, iežan dahkan jearahallamiin ja Yle Sámi rádiojearahallamiin. Materiála analyseremis lean sirren máŋggaidlogu illatiivva geažusvariánttaid iešguđege áigodagain riegádan informánttain ja analyseren dasto variašuvnna ja nuppástuvvama reálaáigemetodain.

Boarrásamos materiálain gávdnojit njeallje geažusvariántta (-idi, -ide, -idda ja -idiidda), maid geavahus orru juohkáseamen oalle dássálagaid. Jahkečuođi beallemuttu nuppástusat, dego eváhkkoáigi, ođđasithuksen, ásodatáigi ja suopmelaččaid sisafárren, rievdadit dili mealgadit. Dáid báliid riegádan informánttaid gielas jávket guokte illatiivavariántta (-idi ja -idiidda) ja bárahisstávvalsubstantiivvaid sojahangeažus adnogoahtá maiddái deattohis stávvala maŋis. 1970-logu rájes fas leat leamašan positiivvalut nuppástusat sámegiela ektui ja giella lea fas ealáskan. Máŋggaidlogu illatiivva dáfus dat goittotge ii leat máhcahan jávkan geažusvariánttaid, muhto dan sadjái ortográfalaš (-ide) hápmi orru váldimin eanet saji ođđa áigge sápmelaččaid gielas.

English title: Variation in the illative plural in spoken North Saami in Ohcejohka

English abstract: 

In this article, I study variation and language change in the illative plural in spoken North Saami in the Ohcejohka municipality. Major societal changes took place in the 20th century and with this study, I shed light on how these changes have affected the Saami language. In the modern grammar, the illative plural is the only case that has multiple endings. The case ending of nouns with an odd number of syllables in the stem is -idda, whereas elsewhere the ending is -ide. Variation in the ending is also heard in spoken language, especially in the inflection of nouns with stems having an even number of syllables or contracted stems.

I have gathered my material from the collections of the Sámi Cultural Archive and the TKU collections of the University of Turku, Yle Sámi’s radio interviews, and some of the material I have gathered from interviews. I have used the realtime method to analyze the material.

In interviews with the oldest consultants, there are four different case endings (-idi, -ide, -idda, and -idiidda) that are used roughly equally. In the middle of the twentieth century, major changes took place, such as the evacuation period, reconstruction, housing in dormitories, and the relocation of Finns to the area. For consultants born at this time, two variants (-idi and -idiidda) disappear, and the use of the -idda ending with nouns having an odd number of syllables becomes more common. Since the 1970s, the situation of the Saami languages began to improve and, among other things, Saami began to be taught in schools. These changes have not returned the lost variants of the illative plural; instead the
orthographic -ide form is becoming more common in the speech of the Saami of the younger generation.