Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21337/0017Emneord (Nøkkelord):
Depresjon, Spedbarn, VoksneSammendrag
Beskrivelse: Edinburgh Postanatal Depression Scale (EPDS) ble utviklet i England og publisert i 1987 av John Cox og medarbeidere. Det foreligger to norske oversettelser. Rettighetshaver har godkjent Eberhard-Grans oversettelse. Denne ble uavhengig oversatt tilbake til engelsk og sammenlignet med originalen. The Royal College of Psychiatrists i England er rettighetshaver for engelsk og norsk versjon. EPDS måler depressive symptomer hos barselkvinner og er et selvutfyllingsskjema med 10 spørsmål som besvares på ca 5 minutter. Det kan brukes av helsepersonell som har fått opplæring.
Litteratursøk: Vi inkluderte 13 relevante artikler fra 11 norske studier, fire artikler fra fire svenske studier, men vi fant ingen relevante danske artikler. Ni av de norske artiklene rapporterte gjennomsnittsskårer og standardavvik på EPDS for gravide og/eller barselkvinner, hvorav en studie også for kvinner som ikke var gravide eller i barsel.
Psykometri: Dokumentasjonen av kriterievaliditeten er svak, siden den er undersøkt i bare én studie (n = 310), og måleegenskapene til referansestandarden, PRIME-MD, er ukjente. Studien viste at for EPDS ≥ 10 er det ingen falske negative, men med 3 % forekomst av alvorlig depresjon er andelen falske positive svært høy (81 %). EPDS har god begrepsvaliditet, basert på høye korrelasjonskoeffisienter med MADRS (r = 0,78) og SCL-25 (r = 0,80) undersøkt i en og samme studie (n = 310). God intern konsistens (Chronbachs α) undersøkt i 5 studier: α gj.sn. = 0,83 (min 0,81; max 0,86); n varierte fra 310 til 2816 i psykometristudiene med gj.sn. 1697. God test-retest reliabilitet undersøkt i en studie: r = 0,74; n = 310.
Konklusjon: EPDS har god reliabilitet, men validitet er bare undersøkt i en studie som fant svakheter i diagnostisk presisjon. Det er behov for flere studier av kriterievaliditet hvor EPDS sammenlignes med best mulig depresjonsdiagnostikk.
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