Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Kinder Lebensqualität Fragebogen KINDL®, 2. utgave
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7557/29.7960Emneord (Nøkkelord):
Livskvalitet, Barn i førskolealder, Barn i skolealder, UngdomSammendrag
Beskrivelse: Kinder Lebensqualität Fragebogen (KINDL®) er et spørreskjema som måler livskvalitet hos barn og unge (3–17 år). Spørreskjemaet ble utviklet i Tyskland, sist revidert i 1998 av Ravens-Sieberer og Bullinger, og oversatt til norsk i 2004 av Thomas Jozefiak og Sølvi Helseth. KINDL® inneholder selv-rapporteringsskjema for barn og foresatte med ulike alderstilpassede versjoner. Det er ingen formelle krav til administrering og fortolkning av testen. Skjemaet består av 24 spørsmål fordelt på seks delskalaer. Det beregnes gjennomsnittskår for hver delskala samt totalskalaen som transformeres til en 0–100 skår. Høy skår indikerer høy grad av livskvalitet.
Litteratursøk: Litteratursøket resulterte i 39 publikasjoner som ble vurdert i fulltekst, hvor 22 ble inkludert. De fleste studiene rapporterte tall fra ulike kliniske og ikke-kliniske undergrupper, mens de resterende representerte normalpopulasjonen.
Psykometri: Resultatene viser god til utmerket reliabilitet i form av indre konsistens for totalskala for barn, men større variasjon på delskalaene, spesielt blant de yngste barna. For totalskalaen viste test-retest med to uker mellom en høy intraklassekorrelasjon, og noe lavere for delskalaene. Her også var det lavest for den yngste gruppa. Det er begrenset informasjon om rapportering fra foresatte, men det som eksisterer viser tilfredsstillende reliabilitet. Informantdiskrepans viste gjennomgående høy variasjon mellom informanter. Det finnes noe støtte til begrepsvaliditeten, men faktorstrukturen har ikke blitt entydig replisert. Korrelasjoner med andre instrumenter som også måler livskvalitet tyder på at KINDL® måler det den er ment for å måle. Endringssensitivitet, sett gjennom takeffekter, rapporteres som tilfredsstillende.
Konklusjon: KINDL® virker som et lovende instrument for å vurdere barn og unges livskvalitet, både i kliniske og ikke-kliniske underutvalg samt i normalpopulasjonen. KINDL® har moderat dokumentasjon på psykometriske egenskaper. Totalskalaen fremstår pålitelig for alle aldersgrupper. Det er derimot variasjon mellom delskalaene, og de viser seg å være bedre egnet for eldre barn enn de yngste (under 12 år). Vurdering av foresatte-rapporteringen er mangelfull, men det som eksisterer viser tilfredsstillende reliabilitet. Normgrunnlaget som finnes per nå, er noe begrenset og begynner å bli utdatert.
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