Den historiske utviklinga til preaspirasjon i samiske språk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7557/12.6350Keywords:
phonology, sámi, historical linguisticsAbstract
Preaspirasjon av ustemde klusilar er eit velkjent drag i dei fonologiske systema i dei samiske språka, som i nordsamisk [jahkiː] jahki ‘år.Nom.Sg’. Den er til stades i alle samiske språk som vi har kjennskap til, med unnatak av berre enaresamisk. Vi forstår også godt det historiske forholdet mellom samisk preaspirasjon og stadievekslingssystemet i andre uralske språk, framfor alt den austersjøfinske greina. Dagens samiske språk viser ein del variasjon i korleis preaspirerte klusilar oppfører seg i det fonologiske systemet. I dette bidraget skisserer eg korleis denne variasjonen har oppstått gjennom utviklinga frå ursamisk til dei moderne språka. Scenarioet som eg står for botnar i teorien om livssyklusen til fonologiske mønster. Eg viser at denne teorien eignar seg særs godt for å forstå diverse fonetiske og fonologiske mønster som kjem ut av ei og same kjelde, også på samisk språkgrunn. For å underbyggje denne påstanden sporar eg utviklinga av preaspirasjon frå eit fonetisk drag i ursamisk og fram til dei diverse resultata som vi finn i dagens språk.
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