Systematic review and classification of: International Child Development Programme (ICDP) (3.ed)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7557/gdawxj13Keywords:
Systematic review, International Child Development Programme, ICDP, Parenting program, Caregiver competenceAbstract
Background: This article is a revision of two previous descriptions of the International Child Development Programme (ICDP) published in Ungsinn (Reedtz, 2012; Reedtz & Lauritzen, 2017) and provides an updated review of the effects of ICDP in Norway. ICDP is a low-threshold, time-limited, and structured parenting guidance program designed to support children’s psychosocial development by strengthening caregivers’ competence in their caregiving practices. The program targets caregivers of children aged 0–18 years and was developed by Karsten Hundeide and Henning Rye. In Norway, the intervention is owned by Bufdir and ICDP Norway. ICDP is implemented in local community settings and, when relevant, in prisons for incarcerated caregivers.
Methods: This knowledge review is based on a systematic literature search in the following databases: Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Norart, Cochrane, Cristin, Nora, Scopus, and SweMed. Five articles, partly based on the same Norwegian sample, met the inclusion criteria. In total, six studies were included in this review.
Results: The results summarize ICDP’s goals, arenas, design, and methods, as well as the outcomes of effectiveness studies, methodological quality, and implementation quality. Overall, there were no effects for most outcome variables measured across the included studies. For all positive findings, the effects of the intervention were consistently small. However, results from the most recent study document that parents’ perceived mastery and improved regulation of the child’s emotions were strengthened after completing the program. ICDP has robust routines for quality assurance in implementation and a comprehensive strategy for dissemination.
Conclusion: According to Ungsinn’s classification criteria, ICDP is classified at evidence level 4 – Intervention with satisfactory documentation of effect.
References
Barne-, ungdoms- og familiedirektoratet. (2016). Håndbok for ICDP-veiledere. Oslo: Barne-, ungdoms- og familiedirektoratet.
Bauer, N. S. & Webster-Stratton, C. (2006). Prevention of behavioral disorders in primary care. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 18, 654–660.
Bjørnstad, S. (2015). International Child Development Programme (ICDP), RBUP Rapport. Oslo: Regionsenter for barn og unges psykiske helse, Helseregion Øst og Sør.Nedlastet fra: http://www.r-bup.no/cms/cmsmm.nsf/lupgraphics/ICDP_rapport_hele.pdf/$file/ICDP_rapport_hele.pdf
Brekke, I., Skjønsberg, E.E., Smith, R., Røsand, G.M., Holt, T., Aarø, L.E., Helland, M.S., Røysamb, E., Grimstad, I., Aase, H. (2021) Effektevaluering av International Child Development Programme (ICDP). En randomisert kontrollert studie. [Effect evaluation of the International Child Development Programme (ICDP). A randomized controlled study.] (Rapport 2021). Folkehelseinstituttet.
Brekke, I., Smith, R., Skjønsberg, E.E., Holt, T., Helland, M.S., Aarø, L.E., Røysamb, E., Røsand, G.M., Torgersen, L., Skar, A.M.S., Aase, H. (2022). «Effectiveness of the International Child Development Programme: Results from a randomized controlled trial.» Child & Family social work, 2,417–431. https://doi.org/10.1111/cfs.12973
Barne-, ungdoms- og familiedirektoratet. (2016). Håndbok for ICDP-veiledere.
Campbell, S. B. (1995). Behavior problems in preschool children: A review of recent research. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 113–149.
Carlson, K. D., & Schmidt, F. L. (1999). Impact of experimental design on effect size: Findings from the research literature on training. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(6), 851–862. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.6.851
Clucas, C., Skar, A-M. S., Sherr, L. & Tetzchner, S. (2014). Mothers and fathers attending the international child development programme in Norway. Family Journal, 22, 409–418. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480714533640
Cohen, J. (1977). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (Rev. ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Murphy, B. C. (1996). Parents’ Reactions to Children’s Negative Emotions: Relations to Children’s Social Competence and Comforting Behavior. Child Development, 67(5), 2227–2247. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131620
Fabes, R. A., Poulin, R. E., Eisenberg, N., & Madden-Derdich, D. A. (2002). Richard A. Fabes, Department of Family & Human Development, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287–2502 (E-mail. Marriage & Family Review., 34(3–4), 285–310. https://doi.org/10.1300/J002v34n03_05
Foster, E. M., Prinz, R. J., Sanders, M. R. & Shapiro, C. J. (2008). The costs of a public health infrastructure for delivering parenting and family support. Children and Youth Services Review, 30, 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.11.002
Goodman, R., Ford, T., Simmons, H., Gatward, R. & Meltzer, H. (1997). Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to screen for child psychiatric disorders in a community sample. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 177, 534–539. https://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.177.6.534
Hundeide, K. (1996). Ledet deltakelse i barns kulturelle verden. Oslo: Ad Notam Gyldendal.
Hundeide, K. (2007). Innføring i ICDP programmet. Oslo: ICDP-stiftelsen.
Hundeide, K. (2005). ICDP Programmet – et relasjonsorientert og empatibasert program rettet imot barns omsorgsgivere. Skolepsykologi, 7, 9–25.
Kendall, S., & Bloomfield, L. (2005). Developing and validating a tool to measure parenting self-efficacy. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 51(2), 174–181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005. 03479.x
Klein, P. S. (2001). Seeds of hope: Twelve years of early intervention in Africa. Oslo: Unipub forlag.
Kornør, H. & Heyerdahl, S. (2017). Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, parent report (SDQ-P). PsykTestBarn, 1:1. https://doi.org/10.21337/0048
Martinussen, M., Reedtz, C., Eng, H. Neumer, S.P., Patras, J. & Mørch, W.T. (2019). Ungsinn: Kriterier og prosedyrer for vurdering og klassifisering av tiltak. Uit Norges Arktiske Universitet.
Morawska, A., Winter, L. & Sanders, M. R. (2009). Parenting knowledge and its role in the prediction of dysfunctional parenting and disruptive child behaviour, Child: Care, Health and Development, 35, 217–226. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2008.00929.x
Morris, S. B. (2008). Estimating effect sizes from pretest-posttest-control group designs. Psychological Methods, 13(4), 344–361. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013424
Pianta, R. C. (1992). Child-Parent Relationship Scale. Nedlastet fra https://www.bristol.ac.uk/media-library/sites/sps/documents/c-change/cprs.pdf
Reedtz, C. (2012). Beskrivelse og vurdering av tiltaket: International Child Development Programme (ICDP) – Program for foreldreveiledning. Ungsinn. Tidsskrift for virksomme tiltak for barn og unge, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.7557/25.7660
Reedtz, C., Handegård, B. H. & Mørch, W.- T. (2011). Promoting positive parenting practices in primary care: Outcomes and mechanisms of change in a randomized controlled risk reduction trial, Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 52, 131–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2010.00854.x
Reedtz, C., & Lauritzen, C. (2017). Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: ICDP (2. utg.). Ungsinn. Tidsskrift for virksomme tiltak for barn og unge, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.7557/25.7595
Reedtz, C., Martinussen, M., Jørgensen F. W., Handegård, B. H. & Mørch, W. T. (2011). Parents seeking help in child rearing: Who are they and how do their children behave? Journal of Children’s Services, 4, 264–274. https://doi.org/10.1108/17466661111190956
Rogoff, B. (2003). The cultural nature of human development. New York: Oxford University Press.
Schaffer, H. R. (1996). Social development. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
Sherr, L., Skar, A-M. S., Clucas, C., Tetzchner, S. & Hundeide, K. (2014). Evaluation of the International Child Development Programme (ICDP) as a community-wide parenting programme. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 135–149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2013.793597
Skar, A. M. S., von Tetzchner, S., Clucas, C., & Sherr, L. (2014). The long-term effectiveness of the International Child Development Programme (ICDP) implemented as a community-wide parenting programme. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 12(1), 54–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2014.950219
Skar, A.-M. S., Tetzchner, S., Clucas, C. & Sherr, L. (2014a). Paradoxical correlates of a facilitative parenting programme in prison-Counter-productive intervention or first signs of responsible parenthood? Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention, 15, 35–54, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14043858.2014.898981
Skar, A.-M. S., Tetzchner, S., Clucas, C. & Sherr, L. (2014b). The impact of a parenting guidance programme for mothers with an ethnic minority background, Nordic Journal of Migration Research, 4, 108–117. https://doi.org/10.2478/njmr-2014-0020
Spinrad, T., Eisenberg, N., Kupfer, A., Gaertner, B., & Michalik, N. (2004). The coping with negative emotions scale. Paper presented at the International Conference for Infant Studies, Chicago.
Stern, D. (1985). The interpersonal world of the infant. A view from psychoanalysis and developmental psychology. New York: Basic Box.
Strand, B. H., Dalgard, O. S., Tambs, K., & Rognerud, M. (2003). Measuring the mental health status of the Norwegian population: A comparison of the instruments SCL-25, SCL-10, SCL-5 and MHI-5 (SF-36). Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 57(2), 113–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039480310000932
Ravens-Sieberer, U., & Bullinger, M. (1998). Assessing health-related quality of life in chronically ill children with the German KINDL: First psychometric and content analytical results. Quality of Life Research, 7(5), 399–407. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008853819715
Tomasello, M. & Haberl, K. (2003). Understanding attention: 12- and 18-month-olds know what is new for other persons. Developmental Psychology, 39, 906–912.
Trevarthen, C. (1998). The concept and foundations of infant inter-subjectivity. Intersubjective communication and emotion in early ontogeny. I S. Bråthen (red.), Intersubjective communication and emotion in early ontogeny (s.15–46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wyatt Kaminski, J., Valle, L. A., Filene, J. H. & Boyle, C. L. (2008). A meta-analytic review of components associated with parent training program effectiveness. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 567–589.
Zahn-Waxler, C., Radke-Yarrow, M., Wagner, E., & Chapman, M. (1992). Development of concern for others. Developmental Psychology, 28, 126–136.
Öst, L. G. (2010). Det empiriska stødet for KBT vid psykiske størningar hos barn og ungdomar. I Öst, L. G. (red.), KBT inom barn- och ungdomspsykiatrin (s. 389–407). Stockholm: Natur och kultur.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Charlotte Reedtz, Camilla Lauritzen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
