Systematic review and classification of: Kjærlighet og Grenser (3. utg.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7557/25.7122Keywords:
Family Relationships, Addiction, Systematic reviewAbstract
Background: This article is a systematic review of current knowledge of the effects of Kjærlighet og Grenser in the Nordic region. The article is a revision of earlier reviews of the same intervention in Ungsinn (Bjørknes, 2011: Bjørknes % Koposov, 2018). The program owner has since updated the program, and this article is based on the updated version with an updated literature search. Kjærlighet og Grenser is a preventive substance use program targeting youth ages 10-14 years and their parents. Kompetansesenter rus – region sør – (KORUS) has the national responsibility for developing and providing training in the program. The program was originally developed in the United States (Iowa Strengthening Families Program), further developed in Sweden (ParentSteps, Step-by-Step) and implemented in Norway since 2004.
Methods: Embase, Medline and Psykinfo, NORART Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS and SweMed were searched for relevant articles. Two Swedish articles fulfilled the criteria and were included.
Results: The results include a description of the intervention and a review of the effectiveness studies, methodological and implementation quality. The program has satisfactory systems to ensure implementation quality. There are two effectiveness studies from Sweden. Both studies used a randomized design with control groups, assessment conducted at before the intervention and at follow-up. The studies had good methodological quality. There were no significant effects on relevant outcomes such as adolescent substance use or behavioural problems. In addition, international summaries are not consistent in their conclusions about whether the program is effective.
Conclusion: Based on the Ungsinn criteria for rating evidence, the Kjærlighet og Grenser was classified on evidence level 0 – Ineffective intervention. The studies that have been carried out are of good methodological quality and show that the measure has no effect. This is supported by the fact that international summaries are not consistent in their conclusions about whether the program is effective.
References
Baldus, C., Thomsen, M., Sack, P. M., Bröning, M., Arnaud, N., Daubmann, A. & Thomasius, R. (2016). Evaluation of a German version of the Strengthening Families Programme 10-14: A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Public Health, 26, 953–959. 10.1093/eurpub/ckw082. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckw082
Bakken, A. (2020). Ungdata 2020. Nasjonale resultater (NOVA Rapport 16/20). https://fagarkivet.oslomet.no/bitstream/handle/20.500.12199/6415/Ungdata-NOVA-Rapport%2016-20.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Bjørknes, R. (2011). Beskrivelse og vurdering av tiltaket: Kjærlighet og Grenser. Ungsinn, 1:2 https://ungsinn.no/post_tiltak/kjaerlighet-og-grenser/
Bjørknes, R. & Koposov, R. (2018). Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket Kjærlighet og Grenser (2.utg.). Ungsinn, 1:1. https://ungsinn.no/post_tiltak_arkiv/kjaerlighet-og-grenser-2-utg/
Blueprints. (u.å.). Strengthening Families 10-14. https://www.blueprintsprograms.org/programs/189999999/strengthening-families-10-14/
Borge, A. I. H. (2010) Resiliens, Risiko og sunn utvikling (2. utgave). Gyldendal forlag
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development. Harvard University Press
EMCDDA. (2017, 18. oktober). Strengthening Families 10-14 (SFP) – family protection and resilience-building processes for adolescents and their parents. https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/best-practice/xchange/strengthening-families-10-14_en. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945911399108
Foxcroft, D. R., Callen, H., Davies, E. L. & Okulicz-Kozaryn, K. (2017). Effectiveness of the Strengthening Families Programme 10-14 in Poland: Cluster randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Public Health, 27, 494–500. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckw195
Foxcroft, D. R., Ireland, D., Lister-Sharp, D. J., Lowe, G. & Breen, R. (2003). Longer-term primary prevention for alcohol misuse in young people: a systematic review. Addiction, 98, 397–411. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00355.x
Foxcroft, D., Ireland, D., Lowe, G. & Breen, R. Primary prevention for alcohol misuse in young people. (2002). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, CD003024. https://doi.org/10.1046/10.1002/14651858.CD003024
Foxcroft, D.R. & Tsertsvadze, A. (2011). Universal family-based prevention programs for alcohol misuse in young people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 9, CD009308. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009308
Gates, S., McCambridge, J., Smith, L.A. & Foxcroft, D. (2006). Interventions for prevention of drug use by young people delivered in non-school settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1, CD005030. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005030.pub2
Gilligan, C., Wolfenden, L., Foxcroft, D.R., Williams, A.J., Kingsland, M., Hodder, R.K., mfl. (2019). Family-based prevention programmes for alcohol use in young people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD012287.pub2/full
Gorman, D. M. (2017). The decline effect in evaluations of the impact of the Strengthening Families Program for Youth 10-14 (SFP 10-14) on adolescent substance use. Children and Youth Services Review, 81, 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.07.009.
Jalling, C., Bodin, M., Romelsjö, A., Källmén, Durbeej, N. & Tengström, A. (2016). Parent programs for reducing adolescent’s antisocial behavior and substance use: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Child Family Studies, 25, 811–826. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-015-0263-y
Kjærlighet og Grenser. Familieprogrammet [Lysarkpresentasjon]. (u.å.)
KoRus Sør. (u.å.). Hentet 19.10.2020 fra https://www.korus-sor.no/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/2020-03-10-Teoretisk-grunnlag-for-Kj%C3%A6rlighet-og-Grenser.pdf
KoRus Sør. (2009). Kjærlighet og Grenser (manual). KoRus Sør
KoRus Sør (2017, 16. august). Kjærlighet og Grenser. Hentet 19.10.2020 fra https://www.korus-sor.no/utviklingsprogram/kjaerlighet-og-grenser/
Kristiansen, R. (2006). Kjærlighet og Grenser – Foreldreprogrammet. Erfaringer fra et pilotprosjekt (Rapport). Borgestadklinikken
Kumpfer, K. L. (1999). Strengthening America’s families: Exemplary parenting and family strategies for delinquency prevention (Rapport på oppdrag fra US Department of Justice, Office of Justice programs, Office of Juvenile and Delinquency Prevention). https://www.strengtheningfamilies.org/html/literature_review_1999.pdf
Kumpfer, K.L., Alvarado, R. & Whiteside, H. O. (2003). Family-based interventions for substance use and misuse prevention. Substance Use & Misuse, 38, 1759–1787. https://doi.org/10.1081/ja-120024240
Kumpfer, K.L., Pinyuchon, M., de Melo, A.T., Whiteside, H.O. & Kumpfer, K. (2008). Cultural adaptation process for international dissemination of the strengthening families program. Evaluation and the Health Professions, 31, 226–239. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163278708315926
Kumpfer, K. L. & Turner, C. W. (1990). The social ecology model of adolescent substance abuse—implications for prevention. International Journal of the Addictions, 25, 435–463. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089009105124
Martinussen, M., Reedtz, C., Eng, H., Neumer, S.-P., Patras, J., & Mørch, W.-T. (2019). Ungsinn. Tidsskrift for virksomme tiltak for barn og unge. Kriterier og prosedyrer for vurdering og klassifisering av tiltak. UiT Norges Arktiske Universitet. https://ungsinn.no/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Ungsinn_kriterier_screen_2019-V2.1.pdf
MacArthur, G., Caldwell, D.M., Redmore, J., Watkins, S.H., Kipping, R., White, J., mfl. (2018). Individual-, family-, and school-level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 10, CD009927. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009927.pub2
Molgaard, V. K. & Spoth, R. L. (2001). The Strengthening Families Program for young adolescents: Overview and outcomes, Residential Treatment For Children & Youth, 18, 15–29. https://doi.org/10.1300/J007v18n03_03
Molgaard, V. K., Spoth R. L. & Redmond, C. (2000). Competency Training the Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth 10–14 i J. J. Wilson (red) Juvenile Justice Bulletin. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/182208.pdf
Myhra, A. B. (2006). Evalueringen av Kjærlighet og Grenser. (Del 1. Rapport). Borgestadklinikken.
Møller, G. (2019). Evaluering av tiltaket «Kjærlighet og Grenser». TF-rapport nr. 483. https://intra.tmforsk.no/publikasjoner/filer/3433.pdf
Olsen, H. (2019). Ungdom, rus og foreldrestøtte. En kvalitativ studie av ungdom og foreldres erfaringer med programmet Kjærlighet & Grenser (Masteroppgave). Universitetet i Sørøst-Norge, Fakultet for helse- og sosialvitenskap. https://openarchive.usn.no/usn-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2619343/MasterOlsen2019.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
Popovici, I., Homer, J. F., Fang, H. & French, M. T. (2012). Alcohol use and crime: findings from a longitudinal sample of U.S. adolescents and young adults. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 36, 532–543. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01641.x
Resnick, M., Bearman, P. S., Blum, R. W., Bauman, K. E., Harris, K. M., Jones Jo., mfl. (1997). Protecting adolescents from harm. Findings from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health. Journal of the American Medical Association, 278, 823–32. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1997.03550100049038
Richardson, G. E., Neiger, B. L., Jensen, S. & Kumpfer, K. L. (1990). The resiliency model. Health Education, 21, 33–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/00970050.1990.10614589
Segrott, J., mfl. (2014). Cultural adaptation and intervention integrity: a response to Skärstrand, Sundell and Andréasson, Oxford University Press / USA. 24: 354–355. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cku039
Skärstrand, E., Larsson, J. & Andréasson, S (2008). Cultural adaptation of the Strengthening Families Programme to a Swedish setting. Health Education 108(4), 287–300. https://doi.org/10.1108/09654280810884179
Skärstrand, E., Sundell K. & Andréasson, S. (2013). Evaluation of a Swedish version of the Strengthening Families Programme. European Journal of Public Health, 24, 578–584. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckt146
Skärstrand, E., Sundell, K. & Andréasson, S. (2014). Response to the commentary of Segrot et al on the Swedish SFP trial…Strengthening Families Program. European Journal of Public Health 24(3), 355–356. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cku050
Skogen, J. C., Sivertsen, B., Lundervold, A. J., Stormark, K. M., Jakobsen, R. & Hysing M. (2014). Alcohol and drug use among adolescents: and the co-occurrence of mental health problems. Ung@hordaland, a population-based study. BMJ Open, 4(9):e005357. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005357
SBU. (2020). Iowa Strengthening Families Program för föräldrar med barn i de tidiga tonåren. https://www.sbu.se/contentassets/d2179761e38b4481aa68bdf62b8503d0/iowa-strengthening-families-program-for-foraldrar-med-barn-i-de-tidiga-tonaren.pdf
Spoth, R.L., Redmond, C. & Shin, C. (2001). Randomized trial of brief family interventions for general populations: adoles-cent substance use outcomes 4 years following baseline. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 627–642. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.69.4.627
Spoth, R., Redmond, C., Shin, C. & Azevedo, K. (2004). Brief family intervention effects on adolescent substance initiation: school-level growth curve analyses 6 years following baseline. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 535–542. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.72.3.535
Strengthening Families Program. For Parents and Youth 10-14 (u.å.). Iowa State University. Hentet fra: https://www.extension.iastate.edu/sfp10-14/
Tangen, B. & Knutheim, T. (2009). ”Kjærlighet og Grenser” starter en ny kommunikasjon i familien. I: Rusfag – artikkelsamling fra Regionale Kompetansesentre Rus (s. 65–70). Regionale Kompetansesentre Rus
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Ragnhild Bjørknes, Roman Koposov, Helene Eng
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
