Talemål, identitet og tilhørighet
Sosiolingvistiske perspektiv på språkanalyse for beskyttelse og språkprøver for opphold og statsborgerskap
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7557/17.5926Emneord (Nøkkelord):
språkprøver, språkanalyse, asyl, statsborgerskap, språkideologi, nasjonalismeSammendrag
Artikkelen løfter fram to eksempel fra norsk lovgivning og rettspraksis, der vurderinger av talemål og muntlig språkkompetanse nå danner juridisk grunnlag for innvandreres rett til asyl, opphold og statsborgerskap i Norge: Språkanalyse ved søknad om beskyttelse, som brukes for å vurdere hvor asylsøkere til Norge kommer fra, og språkkrav for permanent opphold og statsborgerskap, der innvandrere som bor fast i Norge, må dokumentere muntlig språkkompetanse på et bestemt nivå for å oppnå ei rekke juridiske og demokratiske rettigheter. Artikkelen gir en oversikt over den språkvitenskapelige kritikken som er kommet mot disse to eksempla, og viser hvordan de er blitt kritisert for å gjenspeile beslutningstakeres og forvaltningsapparats utdaterte forestillinger om forhold mellom språk og steds- og nasjonstilhørighet.
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